Black Pioneers in the U.S. Petroleum Industry

Black Pioneers in the U.S. Petroleum Industry

Recognizing Contributions and Innovation

The petroleum industry has been shaped by countless innovators, problem-solvers, and trailblazers, scientists, and engineers whose work has influenced the energy sector in meaningful ways.

From early business owners who built opportunities in the industry to researchers whose advancements continue to impact fuel technology and safety, these individuals have left a lasting mark. Their innovation, resilience, and leadership have helped shape the energy sector and continue to inspire future generations.

Black Entrepreneurs Who Shaped the Petroleum Industry
 
Threatt Filling Station and Family Farm: A Legacy of Entrepreneurship and Community.

The Threatt Family has been an example of entrepreneurship and resilience in Oklahoma for over a century. In the early 1900s, the family began selling produce from their 150-acre farm outside Luther, Oklahoma. Recognizing new business opportunities, they expanded their operations by building the Threatt Filling Station in 1915—making it the only Black-owned and operated gas station along Route 66 during the Jim Crow era.

More than just a gas station, the Threatt Filling Station was a safe haven for Black travelers, providing fuel and services in a time when road trips could be dangerous due to segregation. The property also included a ballfield, outdoor stage, and bar, making it a true hub for the local Black community.
 
Beyond business, the Threatt Family Farm played an important role in history, reportedly offering refuge to Black Oklahomans displaced by the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre. Today, the Threatt family still proudly owns the property and is working to restore and revitalize the site in time for the 2026 Centennial of Route 66. Their efforts aim to highlight the stories of Black entrepreneurship, travel, and community resilience that have long been part of the “Mother Road.”
 
Ardmore Lubricating Oil Company: A Bold Venture in Oil Production

In 1917, four Black American entrepreneurs, Wilson Newman, J.C. Pratt, S.M. Holland, and Heston Welborn recognized an opportunity in Oklahoma’s booming oil industry and founded the

Ardmore Lubricating Oil Company. They purchased a 100-acre oil lease in the Healdton oilfield, an area that would ultimately produce more than 200 million barrels of oil.

Their company set up offices on East 2nd Street in Oklahoma City, in a vibrant business district known for both its commercial success and its jazz music scene. Despite operating in a segregated era, the Ardmore Lubricating Oil Company aggressively marketed investment opportunities to the Black community, selling shares for $1 each to encourage economic participation.

The company’s wells produced high-grade lubricating oil, a product with significant market potential. By 1920, they announced plans to build their own refinery in Tatums, Oklahoma one of the many self-sustained Black communities established after the Civil War.

Despite their ingenuity and ambition, financial struggles eventually slowed the company’s progress. Stock sales and funding efforts continued, but by 1921, reports of delays in refinery construction and shifting operations signaled mounting challenges.